Stem Cell Types

Types of stem cells

Totipotent : It is a stem cell which can produce total types or all types of other cell lineages is called totipotent or total potent cells. Eg: zygote and first 4-8 cells after cleavage. 

Pluripotent: A stem cell which can produce all cells of embryo but not extraembryonic layers in mammals is called as pluripotent cell. Eg: cells forming inner cell mass (ICM) in mammalian development, blastocyst. 

Multipotent: A stem cell retain in specific tissue of body and can only be differentiated in all type cell belonging to that tissue only. Eg: stem cell retain in adult Brains 

Oligopotent: Oligopotent stem cell can self renew and differentiated in to the closely related cell type . Eg: Hematopoietic stem cell 

Unipotent: Uni means one (itself) . unipotent stem cell has lowest differential potential than other types of stem cells. They are mostly found in adult tissue. Eg: muscle stem cell. 




Sources of stem cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

                       They are found in the inner cell mass of the blastocyst post five days of development .These cell are 4-5 days. their ability is to differentiate into any embryonic cell types.

Adult stem cell

        Adult stem cell are found into the various location in the body and maintaining healthy cell number or replace the injured and dye cells.

Induced pluripotent cells

        These types of cell originate from the somatic cells.

Bone marrow

           It is soft tissue found in the middle area of bone mesenchymal stem cell are found in the bone marrow hematopoietic or blood stem cell were also found in bone marrow.                                                                                                                               

Amniotic Fluid

          Amniotic fluid is best source of the embryonic stem cell they are further cryopreserved for further therapeutic use.


This are the basics about stem cell types. We will study about the Isolation and characterization of stem cells in the next article.

Thank you , I hope you all understood the topic discussed.

For any queries and suggestions please mail me.

Disclaimer - I do not claim any of the data here. I have referred various books and articles and represented here. All this is just to make concepts easy. Only important and precise data has been provided. It is not for commercial purpose. Your valuable suggestions are always welcome.

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